Burner for liquid fuel



\Nov. 28, 1939. J. L. BREESE 2,181,261

BURNER FOR LIQUID FUEL Filed March 1.8, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet"1 oooeeoe o o o 0% A *IW 1 .5

^ l Y z 4 j l5 Z/7Z o y 36 Z .2 /32 y 36 3 7 z/ 16 7 IH 22 oeoeesqlee @ooo o1, I, 0 Qi" n a 0 0900! f4 19 24 Zeyezazfof Patented Nov. 28, 1939 PATENT oFFlcE y 2,181,261 BURNER. Fon LIQUID FUEL James LBreese, Santa Fe, N. Mex., assigner Oil Devices,v Santa Fe, N. Mex., a limited partnership of Illinois Application March .18, 1.937-, SeriaiNo. 131,573

3 Claims.

My invention relates to an improvement in burners and is particularly adaptable to burners or stoves or furnaces burning liquid hydrocarbons and the like.

One purpose is the provision of improved baille means whereby the baille or apertured partition which closes the upper end of amixing or combustion chamber, or is located intermediate the top and bottom of such a chamber, may be provided with an aperture of readily variable or adjustable diameter or cross sectional area.

Another purposevis the provision of means for regulating combustion in such a burner.

Another purpose is the provision of means for controlling or varying the minimum effective combustion rateof such a. burner.

Other purposes will appear from time to time in the course of the specication and claims.

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure v1 is a vertical axial section;

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2'-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a plan view of a variant form of the device;

Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a vertical axial section through a variant form;

Figure 6 is a plan view of a variant form;

Figure 7 is a plan view of a further variation;

Figure 8 is a plan view. of a further variation; and

Figure 9 is a plan view of a further variation.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout .the specification and drawings.

Referring to the drawings, I indicates any suitable base or surface upon which I indicate as supported an outer v shell r housing 2. 3 indicates an inner housing or shell having about its base a plurality of air apertures 4. It will be understood that any suitable means may be employed for admitting air to the space between th'e members' 2 and 3. 5 is any suitable horizontal or transverse partition adjacent the bottom of the member 3 and herein shown as above the level of the inlet air apertures 4. It vmay be provided with a central `aperture 6 herein shown as closed by the apertured or foraminous plate 'I.y `8 is -an inlet pipe for a liquid fuel and 9 generally indicates a fire pot, combustion chamber or mixing chamberthrough the bottom I0 of which extends the outlet end II of the fuel pipe Il.A

I2 indicates a bottom row of apertures whereby fair may penetrate to the interior of the'member 9. I3 indicates other apertures, the apertures I2 or I2 and I3 together being eiective to admit a primary air supply for mixture with the vaporized liquid hydrocarbon which spreads out on the bottom I0 and is fed from the fuel pipe 8. I4 indicates an upper group or row of air `apertures herein shown as upwardly and inwardly inclined. .These apertures are adapted to admit a secondary air supply which, when it'mingles with the vaporized hydrocarbon alreadymixed with the air from the primary airfinlets I2 and I3, forms the combustible mixture the full combustion of which takes place above the upper edge of the pot-or chamber 9.

In Figure 1 I illustrate this chamber as partially closed by an upper baille I5 with a central aperture I6. In order to control or vary the eective diameter of the aperture in the -baflie I5 I provide an additional baille I1 pivoted as at I 8 and a further baffle I9 pivoted as at 20. It will be noted that the aperture 2| of the baille I1 is smaller than the aperture I6 and the aperture 22 of the baiiie I9 is smaller than the aperture 2I Thus I have effective a choice of three different sizes of aperture in the main or fixed baiile I5;

23 indicates a shaft mounted in any suitable bearings 24,25 and provided with an exterior handle 26 whereby the baille I1 may be rotated from the effective full line position in which it is shown in Figure l to the ineffective or inoperative dotted line position in which it is shown in the same gure. Similarly, the rod 21 with its exterior handle 28 serves as means for controlling the position of the upper hinged baille I9.

It will be understood, of course, that the limit of movement of the hinged baiiles I'I 'and I9 may be greater than is indicated by the dotted line position of Figure 1. Preferably the parts are so proportioned that they may be droppedinto flat or horizontal position in the inoperative aswell x as in the operative location.

Figures 3 and 4 indicate another means for controllingthe eiective diameter of the aperture I6. In this form I illustrate an adjusting ring 30 provided with concentric slots 3l through. which pass any suitable centering and positioning bolts 32. 33 indicatesan inner fixed. ring to which are pivoted a plurality of shutter members 34 each of which is slotted as at 35 slidably to engage an upstanding pin 33 on the rotatable adjustment ring 30. 31' is any suitable handle means which may, if desired, be extended to vthe exterior of the shell 3 and which may be employed to rotate the ring III. 4vWhen the ring 30 is at one position, the members 34 arein the position in which they are shown in Figure 3 and deiine a substantially circular aperture of small diameter. Rotation of the ring in one direction will cause a further restriction in the' diameter of the opening and rotation in the opposite direction will cause an increase in the diameter oi' the opening which may be arranged to be equivalent to the diameter of the aperture i6 itself.

Referring to Figure 5, I illustrate a device in which the structure substantially as shown in Figure 3 is applied to an intermediate baille. .The top of the chamber 9 may, if desired, be closed by a iixed baille I5 like the one shown in Figure 1. Beneath the primary inlet apertures i4v I illustrate a xed ring l'on which is mounted a rotating ring 4I which may be substantially identical with the ring 30 shown in Figure 3 and is, therefore. not described again in detail. It controls pivoted shutter members 42 which may be identical with the shutter members 3l of Figure 3. Any suitable means may be employed, including for example an outwardly extending lever 44, for rotating the ring 42 and for thereby varying the effective cross sectional area of thev aperture formed by the inner edges of the said shutter members.

Referring to Figure 6, I illustrate a form of shutter or bailie structure which may be applied either to the top of the mixing chamber or at any intermediate point or level. I illustrate for example slidably mounted shutter handles 50 each controlling a slidable shutter member 5I adjacent a xed baille plate 52. Each one of the members 5I is provided with a concave forward edge including portions 53, 54 inclined to each other. It will be evident from the structure of Figure 6 that the cross sectional area of the aperture dened by the opposed members 5i can be varied by simply sliding the shutter handles 50 in and out.

Figure 7 shows a form identical with that of Figure-6 except that the*` members 5I are provided with opposed parallel rectilinear edges 55.

The 'form of Figure 8 is identical with the forms of Figures 6 and'7 save that each of the members 5i has an arcuate edge 5B. In the case of all three forms, sliding the handles 50 in and out varies the shape of the aperture and the cross sectional area of the aperture.

Figure 9 illustrates a variation of the form shown in Figures 1 and 2. In this case, the members I1 and i9 are each provided with parallel rectilinear edges 51 and the size of the members il and I9 is so proportioned that when they are swung into the closed position in which they are shown in Figure 9 they make a small slot whereas, when they are moved to the open position, they leave the baille aperture i6 fully open. It will be realized that whereas I have described and illustrated a practical and operative device, nevertheless many changes may be made in the size, shape, number and disposition of parts Without departing from the spirit of my invention. I therefore wish my description and drawings to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic rather than as limiting me to the precise showing.

Thus, in the form of Figures l and 2, I provide a selection of three differently sized apertures for the baffle l5. In Figures 3 and 4, I provide means for varying the size of such apertures progressively from a predetermined minimum to a maximum equivalent to the size of the aperture I6 itself. In Figures 5 and 7, the aperture is bounded by parallel rectilinear walls. The

forms employing sliding or iris type members, such as shown in Figures 3 to 8, may be employed with either the upper or the intermediate partition or baille.

The use and operation oi my invention are as follows:

' My invention may be broadly applied to any situation where the combustion chamber is provided withan upper or intermediate bafile with an aperture the diameter -oi which should be varied or controlled either at the time of starting combustion in the device or in order to control the rate of combustion or the quality of combustion in the area defined by the baille. One4 application of my invention is to a mixing and combustion chamber in which a primary air supply is rst mixed with a vaporized hydrocarbon to form a preliminary mixture which, in turn, has supplied to it a secondary air supply to create a iinal and fully combustible mixture. In this type ot burner, as shown for example in Figure 1, I find it desirable to place an upper baille l5 above the secondary air supply inlets i4. 'Ihe optimum size of the aperture i6 varies widely. Furthermore, the rate of combustion can be controlled by varying the size of the aperture I6. I therefore provide ready means for controlling the aperture.

In the form of Figure 1,*when an aperture of minimum size is desired, the hinged bailies or shutters l1 and i9 are both dropped into the full line position in 'which they are shown in Figure 1. If the member I9 is rotated by the exterior handle 28 into inoperative position, a baiile aperture oi intermediate size becomes operative. If the operator then wishes to rotate the barile or shutter i1 into inoperative position, the maximum size aperture I6 then becomes effective.

With reference to Figures 3 and 4, instead of providing a selection of specifically sized apertures, I provide means for varying the size or area of the aperture at will from a minimum to a maximum and any .suitable means may .be employed for rotating the adjusting ring- 3l) into any desired position and for changing its position from time to time as may be necessitated by varying conditions of combustion or to obtain varying rates of combustion.

Referring to the forms of Figures 5 to '9, I illustrate various means for controlling the cross sectional area of the bailie aperture, either by the application of the iris shutter to the intermediate or lower bafile, as shown in Figure 5, or by the employment of sliding shutters, as shown in Figures 6 to 8, or by the employment of shutters rotating about horizontal axes, as shown in lgure 9. It will be understood that shutters of the forms shown in Figures 3`to 8 inclusive can all be applied either to an upper baie or to an intermediate baille. Figures l, 2 and 9 relate to a form applicable primarily to an upper baille.

It will be realized that my invention includes the employment of means for varyingthe cross sectional area of the upper opening for the combustion `or mixing chamber 9 or for varying the opening of anintermediate or lower baiile.

1. A mechanism for burning liquid fuel, which includes a chamber and means for admitting liquid fuel to the bottom thereof, a wall for said chamber provided with a plurality of primary air apertures positioned at various levels above the level of the liquid fuel, means, located above said primary air apertures, for admitting secondary air to the upwardly rising mixture of vaporized fuel and primary air, and means for varyingthe flow of air through said airapertures, including a balile located at an upper portion of said chamber, an aperture in said baille,

and means for varying the effective cross sectional area of said aperture. I 2. A mechanism for burning liquid fuel, which includes a chamber and means for admitting liq- `uid fuel to the bottom thereof, a wall for said chamber provided with a plurality of primary air apertures positioned at various levels above the level of the liquid fuel, means, located above said primary air apertures, for admitting secondary air to the upwardly rising mixture of vaporized fuel and primary air, and means for varying the ow of air through said air apertures, including a baille located at an upper portion of said chamber, an aperture in said baille,

and means for varying the effective cross sectional area of said aperture,A said vbaille being located above said secondary air admission means.'

3. la mechanism for burning liquid fuel, which includes a chamber and means-for admitting liquid fuel tc the bottom thereof, a wall. for said chamber provided with a plurality of primary air apertures positionedv at various levels above the level of the liquid fuel, means, located above said primary air apertures, for admitting secondary.

air to the upwardly rising mixture of vaporized fuel and primary air, and means for varying the flow of air through said air apertures, including a baille located at an upper portion of said chamber, an aperture in' said baille, and means for varying the eiective cross sectional area of said aperture, said baille being located below said secondary air admission means.

.. l J. L. BREESE. 

